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Human rights in the Quran
In its Arabic texts, the Quran is considered the primary source of authority by Muslims. The Quran is a relatively short book of 77,000 words that are divided into one hundred and fourteen chapters (Suras). A hundred and thirteen of the chapters of the Quran begin with an indication of the book’s intent (In the name of God the All- Compassionate and the Ever-Merciful).〔Joel Hayward "Qur'anic Concept of the Ethics of Warfare: Challenging the Claims of Islamic Aggressiveness" (The Cordoba Foundation, London, United Kingdom, 2011), at 4-5〕 The book is largely concerned with establishing boundaries that Muslims are prohibited from transgressing.〔Shakir M.H "The Qur'an:(Quran, Koran, Al-Qur'an)" (MobileReference.com, 1 Jan 2010) at ch 4:13.〕 Within these boundaries the Quran treats human beings as equally valuable and endowed with certain rights by virtue of simply being human, hence Human rights.〔Shakir M.H "The Qur'an: (Quran, Koran, Al-Qur'an)" (MobileReference.com, 1 January 2010) Ch 004.001.〕 The rights bestowed upon humans in the Quran include the right to life and peaceful living, as well as the right to own, protect, and have property protected, Islamic economic jurisprudence. The Quran also contains rights for minority groups and women, as well as regulations of human interactions as between one another to the extent of dictating how Prisoners of war ought to be treated.〔Joel Hayward "Qur'anic Concept of the Ethics of Warfare: Challenging the Claims of Islamic Aggressiveness" (The Cordoba Foundation, London, United Kingdom, 2011)〕〔Al- Dawoody Ahmad "Islamic Law of War: Justifications and Regulations" (Palgrave Macmillan, 1 March 2011) at 56-63〕
==Equality==
The Quran states that all humans are the descendents of one man Adam and are therefore brothers to one another〔Shakir M.H "The Qur'an: (Quran, Koran, Al-Qur'an)" (MobileReference.com, 1 January 2010) Ch 049.013〕(( Human rights in Islam) ). The emphases on equality and justice in the Quran appears throughout the text and even include one's enemy.〔Shakir M.H "The Qur'an: (Quran, Koran, Al-Qur'an)" (MobileReference.com, 1 January 2010) Ch 005.002〕 The duty of Muslims to be just and truthful enjoys a high priority status, in the Quran, and is described in the following manner, that "O you who believe! be maintainers of Justice, bearers of witness of Allah's sake, Though it maybe against your own selves or (your) parents or near relatives; if he be rich or poor, Allah is nearer to them both in compassion; therefore do not follow (your) low desires, lest you deviate; and if swerve or turn aside, then surely Allah is aware of what you do".〔Shakir M.H "The Qur'an: (Quran, Koran, Al-Qur'an)" (MobileReference.com, 1 January 2010) Ch 004.135〕〔Al- Attar, Mariam "Islamic Ethics" (Routledge, 15 March 2010) at 11-14〕 The Quran, also unequivocally restricts its believers from aiding someone in need of their help only where they intend to deceive or carry out an act of aggression by stating "help one another in goodness and piety, and do not help one another in sin and aggression".〔Shakir M.H "The Qur'an: (Quran, Koran, Al-Qur'an)" (MobileReference.com, 1 January 2010) Ch 005.002〕〔Joel Hayward "Qur'anic Concept of the Ethics of Warfare: Challenging the Claims of Islamic Aggressiveness" (The Cordoba Foundation, London, United Kingdom, 2011) at 4-7〕 Furthermore, the Quran teaches its followers that treating followers of other religions justly, and kindly is an article of faith.〔Shakir M.H "The Qur'an: (Quran, Koran, Al-Qur'an)" (MobileReference.com, 1 January 2010) Ch 060.006, 008〕
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